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2000 Xplorer 400 AWD/other electrical issues

22K views 20 replies 4 participants last post by  natecarlson  
#1 ·
Howdy!

I just purchased a 2000 Xplorer 400 4x4 (my first ATV, yay!) from a local gentleman. He primarily used it to plow his residential driveway. I noticed that the indicator lights on the pod (neutral/reverse) don't light up, and we both saw that AWD didn't appear to be working when loading it onto a trailer. Digging into it further, I also found that the low beams won't light up (but high beams work fine.) Searching online, I saw that this appears to be a common scenario that requires some components in the speedometer to be replaced (or the whole speedo replaced) - but this unit doesn't have a speedometer! The gentleman I purchased from offered to pay to have this repaired; but I'd prefer to dig into it myself, unless I get way outside of my depth, in which case I will let the pros deal with it (and be without my plow machine for awhile!) The previous owner did say that the unit was run without a good battery - but it was a long time ago, and he's pretty certain AWD has worked since then.

So to repeat, here's what I know isn't working:
  • AWD
  • Low beams
  • Indicator lights for neutral and reverse don't work. (Unsure of temperature or oil lights, as I don't know how to force those to go on.)
I don't know for sure that these issues are related to each other - or if they are just all broken separately.

Here's what I've done so far (some based on what I found on forums, and others based on the owner's manual):
  • Found, was confused by, and stripped out old, duplicate, unused winch wiring
  • Found the 20A circuit breaker in its package, cut open the package, and validated that there is power on both sides of it
  • Under the front pod, validated that if they key is on and the run switch in the run position, that the red/white splice point is powered. If either the key is off or the run switch is on 'stop', that power goes away.
  • Disconnected the ATV on/off switch, and verified that:
    • There is power on pin 'A' of the wiring harness when the key and run switch are on
    • On the switch side, if the switch is 'on', pins 5/6 are connected electrically; if the switch is off, they are not connected.
Things that are getting in my way:
  • The manual I've found (trail_blazer.pdf) includes a speedometer on the wiring diagram - which means that I can't see how the wiring is actually supposed to work. If anyone happens to have a full service manual for this model, I'd appreciate it!
  • I can't figure out where the gray wire ends up going from the AWD switch side, so can't tell if it's getting powered by the AWD switch when turned on.
If anyone has any advice on what to check next, or if it's better off to let a mechanic handle it, I'd appreciate it -- thanks!
 
#3 ·
The lights could be a result of running with a bad battery. Check the bulbs first. There is a really good tutorial in the repair section for repairing the AWD system for that year. The hilliard clutches are in the hubs so the gray wires send power but the electronics need to sense slippage at the rear wheels before the fronts will engage.
 
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#6 ·
Appreciate the responses everyone!

This ATV didn't come from the factory with a speedometer - so that wiring diagram is only helpful for the not-speedo-related stuff. :( I suspect the diagrams for the 1999 Scambler 400 are probably accurate as to how a Reverse Speed Limiter hooks up - I'll dig around on that a bit later.

I did take a look at the headlight bulbs, and indeed, a filament is burned out on each! I'll do some more testing, but yeah, looks like the bulbs might just be burned. :)
 
#9 ·
So some more troubleshooting..

  • Validated that I get power to the light harness when it's on low - so confirmed that the filaments are burned but the ATV is providing power.
  • I validated that I get power to the neutral lamp when the ATV is in neutral. However, when I switch into reverse, I don't get power for that light. If the transmission switch is having issues and not reporting when it is in gear, would that prevent AWD from working?
With the correct wiring diagram, it shows that the reverse speed limiter is located "under the headlamp".. any idea where that would be (this machine has two headlamps, none in the pod), or do I just start tearing apart the plastics on the front until I locate it?
 
#11 ·
I think it will all the electronics will be attached to the frame in front of the fuel tank below the handlebars. On my Magnums I could take the front rack off and then the slim center "hood" and get to them. Might have to pull the front plastics on the Xplorer
 
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#13 ·
As to your original question about the trans switch. I would say yes, if the switch isn't reporting gear position the AWD won't work. The system has to know it is in gear and sense the slippage at the rear wheels to engage the AWD. The light should come on if you press the reverse over ride button too. At least it does on my Magnum. The Magnum also didn't come with a speedo, so I think the systems are similar.
 
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#14 ·
The speed limiter is module LR83-3 - it's mounted on the front of the bulkhead (gotta take plastic off to get to it) - it is also listed as HUB GROUND

The part number was 4010195 and supersedes to 4013255 - it has a limit of 3100 RPM in reverse and a limit of 3700 RPM for hub engagement - it will not allow hub engagement if the engine speed is above 3700 RPM - if it malfunctions, the AWD may not work at all. Now back to the original problem.
 
#16 ·
Reverse light is what I was talking about with the over ride button. But you could see a red glow from the AWD switch when it is turned on too. The AWD letters in the switch light up. Don't have a wiring diagram in front of me so I can't be sure.
 
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#18 ·
Tracing the wiring here, trying to figure out how this is supposed to work..

  • Gry/W - Brought hot via r/w by the transmission switch being in either high or low gear. Connects to the override button, normally open. Also connects to AWD switch - open if turned off; if turned on, it energizes the gray wire there.
  • Purple - Brought hot via r/w by the transmission switch being in reverse gear. Connects to the pverride button, normally energizes gry/or when button is not pressed. When button is pressed, energizes gry/w.
  • Gry - Energized by the AWD switch being in the 'On' position and (transmission switch being in either high or low or override being pressed while in reverse gear); provides positive side power to both of the AWD Hub Coils.
  • Gry/Or - when transmission is in reverse and override button not pressed, connects to reverse speed limiter.
  • Brn/W - (I believe) provides the negative-side power to the AWD Hub Coils via the Reverse Speed Limiter.
  • Y/R - connects the reverse speed limiter to the stator; for rpm sensing?
  • Blk - connects the reverse speed limiter to the CDI box

So, if I've read this properly, troubleshooting steps..

1) Positive path:
  • AWD switch ON
  • See if gry/w is being energized while transmission is in high or low
** If not, manually energize gry/w from r/w, and add transmission switch to list of things to look at later.
* Check voltage between gry at one of the AWD hub coil connectors and ground, ensure we have power.
** If not, check AWD switch to make sure it's connecting gry/w to gry.

2) Negative path side:
* Check voltage between gry and brn/w at one of the AWD hub coil coonnectors, ensure it's powered
** If not, look into the reverse speed limiter more.

I'll give this stuff a shot!
 
#19 ·
I think I might've got it!

I wasn't getting power from the transmission sensors.. so I unplugged them, cleaned them up a bit, and plugged them back in.. now I get good voltage at the hub coils when in high or low - woohoo!

Need to put the plastics on and take it out to test it; don't have room to put it on stands safely in the garage right now. :)

It does look like the AWD light is not working; anyone happen to know if it's possible to replace that, or if I have to replace the whole throttle assembly?
 
#20 ·
Good for you! No idea about the light. Should be able to replace the bulb, but I haven't ever looked at how to go about it.